refactor(docker): migrate to bake with multi-variant distroless images

.github/workflows/docker.yml

@@ -12,12 +12,31 @@ env:
 permissions:
   contents: read
   packages: write
-  attestations: write
-  id-token: write
 
 jobs:
-  docker:
+  docker-variant-tags:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - variant: ""
+            bake_target: runtime
+          - variant: nonroot
+            bake_target: runtime-nonroot
+          - variant: code
+            bake_target: runtime-code
+          - variant: code-nonroot
+            bake_target: runtime-code-nonroot
+          - variant: slim
+            bake_target: runtime-slim
+          - variant: slim-nonroot
+            bake_target: runtime-slim-nonroot
+          - variant: code-slim
+            bake_target: runtime-code-slim
+          - variant: code-slim-nonroot
+            bake_target: runtime-code-slim-nonroot
+
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v6
 
@@ -34,34 +53,31 @@ jobs:
           username: ${{ github.actor }}
           password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
 
-      - name: Extract metadata
+      - name: Extract metadata (variant)
         id: meta
         uses: docker/metadata-action@v6
         with:
           images: ${{ env.REGISTRY }}/${{ env.IMAGE_NAME }}
           tags: |
-            type=ref,event=branch
-            type=ref,event=pr
-            type=semver,pattern={{version}}
-            type=semver,pattern={{major}}.{{minor}}
-            type=sha,prefix=sha-
+            type=ref,event=branch,suffix=${{ matrix.variant != '' && format('-{0}', matrix.variant) || '' }}
+            type=ref,event=pr,suffix=${{ matrix.variant != '' && format('-{0}', matrix.variant) || '' }}
+            type=semver,pattern={{version}},suffix=${{ matrix.variant != '' && format('-{0}', matrix.variant) || '' }}
+            type=semver,pattern={{major}}.{{minor}},suffix=${{ matrix.variant != '' && format('-{0}', matrix.variant) || '' }}
+            type=semver,pattern={{major}},suffix=${{ matrix.variant != '' && format('-{0}', matrix.variant) || '' }}
+            type=sha,prefix=${{ matrix.variant != '' && format('{0}-', matrix.variant) || 'sha-' }}
+            type=raw,value=${{ matrix.variant }},enable=${{ matrix.variant != '' }}
+            type=raw,value=latest,enable=${{ matrix.variant == '' }}
 
-      - name: Build and push
-        id: push
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v7
+      - name: Build and push variant (bake)
+        id: bake
+        uses: docker/bake-action@v7
         with:
-          context: .
-          platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64
-          tags: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.tags }}
-          labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}
-          cache-from: type=gha
-          cache-to: type=gha,mode=max
-          provenance: true
-          sbom: true
-
-      - name: Attest build provenance
-        uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v4
-        with:
-          subject-name: ${{ env.REGISTRY }}/${{ env.IMAGE_NAME }}
-          subject-digest: ${{ steps.push.outputs.digest }}
-          push-to-registry: true
+          files: |
+            ./docker-bake.hcl
+            cwd://${{ steps.meta.outputs.bake-file-tags }}
+            cwd://${{ steps.meta.outputs.bake-file-labels }}
+          targets: ${{ matrix.bake_target }}
+          push: true
+          set: |
+            *.cache-from=type=gha
+            *.cache-to=type=gha,mode=max

Dockerfile

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
+ARG PYTHON_VERSION=3.11
+ARG DISTROLESS_IMAGE=gcr.io/distroless/python3-debian13
+
 # ---- Build stage: compile native extensions, build wheel ----
-FROM python:3.11-slim AS builder
+FROM python:${PYTHON_VERSION}-slim AS builder
 
 RUN apt-get update && \
   apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
@@ -13,34 +16,41 @@ WORKDIR /build
 
 # Layer 1: install deps only (cached unless pyproject.toml/uv.lock change)
 COPY pyproject.toml uv.lock README.md ./
-# Stub package so uv can resolve the local ".[proxy]" without full source
+# Stub package so uv can resolve the local extras without full source
 RUN mkdir -p headroom && touch headroom/__init__.py
+ARG HEADROOM_EXTRAS=proxy,code
 RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.cache/uv \
-    uv pip install --system ".[proxy]"
+    uv pip install --system ".[${HEADROOM_EXTRAS}]"
 
 # Layer 2: copy real source, reinstall only headroom-ai (no deps)
 COPY headroom/ headroom/
 RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.cache/uv \
     uv pip install --system --no-deps --reinstall-package headroom-ai .
 
-# ---- Runtime stage: minimal image with only what's needed ----
-FROM python:3.11-slim AS runtime
+# ---- Runtime stage (python-slim): supports root/nonroot via build arg ----
+FROM python:${PYTHON_VERSION}-slim AS runtime-slim-base
+
+ARG RUNTIME_USER=nonroot
 
 RUN apt-get update && \
     apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends curl && \
     rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
 
-RUN groupadd --gid 1000 headroom && \
-    useradd --uid 1000 --gid headroom --create-home headroom
-
 COPY --from=builder /usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages /usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages
 COPY --from=builder /usr/local/bin/headroom /usr/local/bin/headroom
 
-RUN mkdir -p /data /home/headroom/.headroom && \
-    chown -R headroom:headroom /data /home/headroom/.headroom
+RUN mkdir -p /home/nonroot /data && \
+    if [ "$RUNTIME_USER" = "nonroot" ]; then \
+      groupadd --gid 1000 nonroot && \
+      useradd --uid 1000 --gid nonroot --create-home nonroot && \
+      mkdir -p /home/nonroot/.headroom && \
+      chown -R nonroot:nonroot /data /home/nonroot; \
+    else \
+      mkdir -p /root/.headroom; \
+    fi
 
-USER headroom
-WORKDIR /home/headroom
+USER ${RUNTIME_USER}
+WORKDIR /home/nonroot
 
 ENV HEADROOM_HOST=0.0.0.0 \
     PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1 \
@@ -50,3 +60,25 @@ EXPOSE 8787
 
 ENTRYPOINT ["headroom", "proxy"]
 CMD ["--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "8787"]
+
+FROM ${DISTROLESS_IMAGE} AS runtime-slim
+
+ARG RUNTIME_USER=nonroot
+
+COPY --from=builder /usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages /usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages
+
+USER ${RUNTIME_USER}
+WORKDIR /app
+
+ENV HEADROOM_HOST=0.0.0.0 \
+    PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1 \
+    PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE=1 \
+    PYTHONPATH=/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages
+
+EXPOSE 8787
+
+ENTRYPOINT ["python3", "-m", "headroom.cli", "proxy"]
+CMD ["--host", "0.0.0.0", "--port", "8787"]
+
+# Default published image remains python-slim runtime
+FROM runtime-slim-base AS runtime

README.md

@@ -390,6 +390,40 @@ pip install "headroom-ai[langchain]"   # LangChain (experimental)
 pip install "headroom-ai[evals]"       # Evaluation framework only
 ```
 
+### Container images (GHCR tags)
+
+- supported platforms: `linux/amd64`, `linux/arm64`
+- tags `:code` - image with Code-Aware Compression (AST-based) i.e. `pip install "headroom-ai[proxy,code]"`
+- tags `:slim` - image with distorless base
+
+| Tag                 |                                                      | Extras       | Docker Bake target          |
+|---------------------|------------------------------------------------------|--------------|-----------------------------|
+| `<version>`         | ```ghcr.io/chopratejas/headroom:<version>```         | `proxy`      | `runtime`                   |
+| `latest`            | ```ghcr.io/chopratejas/headroom:latest```            | `proxy`      | `runtime`                   |
+| `nonroot`           | ```ghcr.io/chopratejas/headroom:nonroot```           | `proxy`      | `runtime-nonroot`           |
+| `code`              | ```ghcr.io/chopratejas/headroom:code```              | `proxy,code` | `runtime-code`              |
+| `code-nonroot`      | ```ghcr.io/chopratejas/headroom:code-nonroot```      | `proxy,code` | `runtime-code-nonroot`      |
+| `slim`              | ```ghcr.io/chopratejas/headroom:slim```              | `proxy`      | `runtime-slim`              |
+| `slim-nonroot`      | ```ghcr.io/chopratejas/headroom:slim-nonroot```      | `proxy`      | `runtime-slim-nonroot`      |
+| `code-slim`         | ```ghcr.io/chopratejas/headroom:code-slim```         | `proxy,code` | `runtime-code-slim`         |
+| `code-slim-nonroot` | ```ghcr.io/chopratejas/headroom:code-slim-nonroot``` | `proxy,code` | `runtime-code-slim-nonroot` |
+
+### Docker Bake
+
+```bash
+# List all available build targets
+docker buildx bake --list targets
+
+# Build default image locally (proxy + nonroot)
+docker buildx bake runtime-default
+
+# Build one variant and load to local Docker image store
+docker buildx bake runtime-code-slim-nonroot \
+  --set runtime-code-slim-nonroot.platform=linux/amd64 \
+  --set runtime-code-slim-nonroot.tags=headroom:local \
+  --load
+```
+
 Python 3.10+
 
 ---

docker-bake.hcl

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+target "docker-metadata-action" {}
+
+target "_common" {
+  context    = "."
+  dockerfile = "Dockerfile"
+  platforms  = ["linux/amd64", "linux/arm64"]
+}
+
+target "runtime-default" {
+  inherits = ["_common", "docker-metadata-action"]
+  target   = "runtime"
+  args = {
+    HEADROOM_EXTRAS = "proxy"
+    RUNTIME_USER    = "nonroot"
+  }
+}
+
+target "runtime" {
+  inherits = ["_common", "docker-metadata-action"]
+  target   = "runtime"
+  args = {
+    HEADROOM_EXTRAS = "proxy"
+    RUNTIME_USER    = "root"
+  }
+}
+
+target "runtime-nonroot" {
+  inherits = ["_common", "docker-metadata-action"]
+  target   = "runtime"
+  args = {
+    HEADROOM_EXTRAS = "proxy"
+    RUNTIME_USER    = "nonroot"
+  }
+}
+
+target "runtime-code" {
+  inherits = ["_common", "docker-metadata-action"]
+  target   = "runtime"
+  args = {
+    HEADROOM_EXTRAS = "proxy,code"
+    RUNTIME_USER    = "root"
+  }
+}
+
+target "runtime-code-nonroot" {
+  inherits = ["_common", "docker-metadata-action"]
+  target   = "runtime"
+  args = {
+    HEADROOM_EXTRAS = "proxy,code"
+    RUNTIME_USER    = "nonroot"
+  }
+}
+
+target "runtime-slim" {
+  inherits = ["_common", "docker-metadata-action"]
+  target   = "runtime-slim"
+  args = {
+    HEADROOM_EXTRAS = "proxy"
+    RUNTIME_USER    = "root"
+  }
+}
+
+target "runtime-slim-nonroot" {
+  inherits = ["_common", "docker-metadata-action"]
+  target   = "runtime-slim"
+  args = {
+    HEADROOM_EXTRAS = "proxy"
+    RUNTIME_USER    = "nonroot"
+  }
+}
+
+target "runtime-code-slim" {
+  inherits = ["_common", "docker-metadata-action"]
+  target   = "runtime-slim"
+  args = {
+    HEADROOM_EXTRAS = "proxy,code"
+    RUNTIME_USER    = "root"
+  }
+}
+
+target "runtime-code-slim-nonroot" {
+  inherits = ["_common", "docker-metadata-action"]
+  target   = "runtime-slim"
+  args = {
+    HEADROOM_EXTRAS = "proxy,code"
+    RUNTIME_USER    = "nonroot"
+  }
+}