/*	$OpenBSD: apprentice.c,v 1.29 2009/11/11 16:21:51 jsg Exp $ */
/*
 * Copyright (c) Ian F. Darwin 1986-1995.
 * Software written by Ian F. Darwin and others;
 * maintained 1995-present by Christos Zoulas and others.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice immediately at the beginning of the file, without modification,
 *    this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
 * ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */
/*
 * apprentice - make one pass through /etc/magic, learning its secrets.
 */
#include <rz_userconf.h>

#if !USE_LIB_MAGIC

#include <rz_util.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include "file.h"
#include "patchlevel.h"

#if __UNIX__ && !defined(_MSC_VER)
#define QUICK 1
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/param.h>
#else
#define QUICK 0
#endif

#ifdef _MSC_VER
#include <sys\stat.h>
#define S_ISREG(m) (((m)&S_IFMT) == S_IFREG)
#define S_ISDIR(m) (((m)&S_IFMT) == S_IFDIR)
#define MAXPATHLEN 255
#endif

#define EATAB \
	{ \
		while (isascii((ut8)*l) && isspace((ut8)*l)) { \
			l++; \
		} \
	}
#define LOWCASE(l) (isupper((ut8)(l)) ? tolower((ut8)(l)) : (l))

#ifndef MAP_FILE
#define MAP_FILE 0
#endif

struct rz_magic_entry {
	struct rz_magic *mp;
	ut32 cont_count;
	ut32 max_count;
};

static int magic_file_formats[FILE_NAMES_SIZE];
static const size_t file_nformats = FILE_NAMES_SIZE;
static const char *magic_file_names[FILE_NAMES_SIZE];
static const size_t file_nnames = FILE_NAMES_SIZE;

static int getvalue(RzMagic *ms, struct rz_magic *, const char **, int);
static int hextoint(int);
static const char *getstr(RzMagic *, const char *, char *, int, int *, int);
static int parse(RzMagic *, struct rz_magic_entry **, ut32 *, const char *, size_t, int);
static int parse_mime(RzMagic *, struct rz_magic_entry **, ut32 *, const char *);
static void eatsize(const char **);
static int apprentice_1(RzMagic *, const char *, int, struct mlist *);
static size_t apprentice_r_magic_strength(const struct rz_magic *);
static int apprentice_sort(const void *, const void *);
static int apprentice_load(RzMagic *, struct rz_magic **, ut32 *, const char *, int);
static void byteswap(struct rz_magic *, ut32);
static void bs1(struct rz_magic *);
static ut16 swap2(ut16);
static ut32 swap4(ut32);
static ut64 swap8(ut64);
static char *mkdbname(const char *, int);
static int apprentice_map(RzMagic *, struct rz_magic **, ut32 *, const char *);
static int apprentice_compile(RzMagic *, struct rz_magic **, ut32 *, const char *);
static int check_format_type(const char *, int);
static int check_format(RzMagic *, struct rz_magic *);
static int get_op(char);

static size_t maxmagic = 0;
static size_t magicsize = sizeof(struct rz_magic);

static const char usg_hdr[] = "cont\toffset\ttype\topcode\tmask\tvalue\tdesc";
static const char mime_marker[] = "!:mime";
static const size_t mime_marker_len = sizeof(mime_marker) - 1;

static const struct type_tbl_s {
	const char name[16];
	const size_t len;
	const int type;
	const int format;
} type_tbl[] = {
#define XX(s)   s, (sizeof(s) - 1)
#define XX_NULL "", 0
	{ XX("byte"), FILE_BYTE, FILE_FMT_NUM },
	{ XX("short"), FILE_SHORT, FILE_FMT_NUM },
	{ XX("default"), FILE_DEFAULT, FILE_FMT_STR },
	{ XX("long"), FILE_LONG, FILE_FMT_NUM },
	{ XX("string"), FILE_STRING, FILE_FMT_STR },
	{ XX("date"), FILE_DATE, FILE_FMT_STR },
	{ XX("beshort"), FILE_BESHORT, FILE_FMT_NUM },
	{ XX("belong"), FILE_BELONG, FILE_FMT_NUM },
	{ XX("bedate"), FILE_BEDATE, FILE_FMT_STR },
	{ XX("leshort"), FILE_LESHORT, FILE_FMT_NUM },
	{ XX("lelong"), FILE_LELONG, FILE_FMT_NUM },
	{ XX("ledate"), FILE_LEDATE, FILE_FMT_STR },
	{ XX("pstring"), FILE_PSTRING, FILE_FMT_STR },
	{ XX("ldate"), FILE_LDATE, FILE_FMT_STR },
	{ XX("beldate"), FILE_BELDATE, FILE_FMT_STR },
	{ XX("leldate"), FILE_LELDATE, FILE_FMT_STR },
	{ XX("regex"), FILE_REGEX, FILE_FMT_STR },
	{ XX("bestring16"), FILE_BESTRING16, FILE_FMT_STR },
	{ XX("lestring16"), FILE_LESTRING16, FILE_FMT_STR },
	{ XX("search"), FILE_SEARCH, FILE_FMT_STR },
	{ XX("medate"), FILE_MEDATE, FILE_FMT_STR },
	{ XX("meldate"), FILE_MELDATE, FILE_FMT_STR },
	{ XX("melong"), FILE_MELONG, FILE_FMT_NUM },
	{ XX("quad"), FILE_QUAD, FILE_FMT_QUAD },
	{ XX("lequad"), FILE_LEQUAD, FILE_FMT_QUAD },
	{ XX("bequad"), FILE_BEQUAD, FILE_FMT_QUAD },
	{ XX("qdate"), FILE_QDATE, FILE_FMT_STR },
	{ XX("leqdate"), FILE_LEQDATE, FILE_FMT_STR },
	{ XX("beqdate"), FILE_BEQDATE, FILE_FMT_STR },
	{ XX("qldate"), FILE_QLDATE, FILE_FMT_STR },
	{ XX("leqldate"), FILE_LEQLDATE, FILE_FMT_STR },
	{ XX("beqldate"), FILE_BEQLDATE, FILE_FMT_STR },
	{ XX("float"), FILE_FLOAT, FILE_FMT_FLOAT },
	{ XX("befloat"), FILE_BEFLOAT, FILE_FMT_FLOAT },
	{ XX("lefloat"), FILE_LEFLOAT, FILE_FMT_FLOAT },
	{ XX("double"), FILE_DOUBLE, FILE_FMT_DOUBLE },
	{ XX("bedouble"), FILE_BEDOUBLE, FILE_FMT_DOUBLE },
	{ XX("ledouble"), FILE_LEDOUBLE, FILE_FMT_DOUBLE },
	{ XX_NULL, FILE_INVALID, FILE_FMT_NONE },
#undef XX
#undef XX_NULL
};

static int get_type(const char *l, const char **t) {
	const struct type_tbl_s *p;

	for (p = type_tbl; p->len; p++) {
		if (strncmp(l, p->name, p->len) == 0) {
			if (t) {
				*t = l + p->len;
			}
			break;
		}
	}
	return p->type;
}

static void init_file_tables(void) {
	static bool done = false;
	const struct type_tbl_s *p;
	if (done) {
		return;
	}
	done = true;
	for (p = type_tbl; p->len; p++) {
		if (p->type >= FILE_NAMES_SIZE) {
			continue;
		}
		magic_file_names[p->type] = p->name;
		magic_file_formats[p->type] = p->format;
	}
}

/*
 * Handle one file or directory.
 */
static int apprentice_1(RzMagic *ms, const char *fn, int action, struct mlist *mlist) {
	struct rz_magic *magic = NULL;
	ut32 nmagic = 0;
	struct mlist *ml;
	int rv = -1;
	int mapped;

	if (!ms) {
		return -1;
	}
	ms->haderr = 0;
	if (magicsize != FILE_MAGICSIZE) {
		file_error(ms, 0, "magic element size %lu != %lu",
			(unsigned long)(size_t)sizeof(*magic),
			(unsigned long)FILE_MAGICSIZE);
		return -1;
	}

	ms->file = fn; // fix use of ms->file before being initialized
	if (action == FILE_COMPILE) {
		rv = apprentice_load(ms, &magic, &nmagic, fn, action);
		if (rv != 0) {
			return -1;
		}
		rv = apprentice_compile(ms, &magic, &nmagic, fn);
		free(magic);
		return rv;
	}

	if ((rv = apprentice_map(ms, &magic, &nmagic, fn)) == -1) {
		//if (ms->flags & RZ_MAGIC_CHECK)
		//	file_magwarn(ms, "using regular magic file `%s'", fn);
		rv = apprentice_load(ms, &magic, &nmagic, fn, action);
		if (rv != 0) {
			return -1;
		}
	}

	mapped = rv;

	if (!magic) {
		file_delmagic(magic, mapped, nmagic);
		return -1;
	}

	if (!(ml = malloc(sizeof(*ml)))) {
		file_delmagic(magic, mapped, nmagic);
		file_oomem(ms, sizeof(*ml));
		return -1;
	}

	ml->magic = magic;
	ml->nmagic = nmagic;
	ml->mapped = mapped;

	mlist->prev->next = ml;
	ml->prev = mlist->prev;
	ml->next = mlist;
	mlist->prev = ml;
	return 0;
}

void file_delmagic(struct rz_magic *p, int type, size_t entries) {
	if (p) {
		switch (type) {
#if QUICK
		case 2:
			p--;
			(void)munmap((void *)p, sizeof(*p) * (entries + 1));
			break;
#endif
		case 1:
			p--;
			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
		case 0:
			RZ_FREE(p);
			break;
		default:
			abort(); // do not abort, ever XXX this is a lib, so it shouldn just report an error
		}
	}
}

/* const char *fn: list of magic files and directories */
struct mlist *file_apprentice(RzMagic *ms, const char *fn, int action) {
	char *p, *mfn;
	int file_err, errs = -1;
	struct mlist *mlist;

	init_file_tables();
	if (!fn) {
		return NULL;
	}

	if (!(mfn = strdup(fn))) {
		file_oomem(ms, strlen(fn));
		return NULL;
	}
	fn = mfn;

	if (!(mlist = malloc(sizeof(*mlist)))) {
		free(mfn);
		file_oomem(ms, sizeof(*mlist));
		return NULL;
	}
	mlist->next = mlist->prev = mlist;

	while (fn) {
		p = strchr(fn, PATHSEP);
		if (p) {
			*p++ = '\0';
		}
		if (*fn == '\0') {
			break;
		}
		file_err = apprentice_1(ms, fn, action, mlist);
		errs = RZ_MAX(errs, file_err);
		fn = p;
	}
	if (errs == -1) {
		free(mfn);
		RZ_FREE(mlist);
		file_error(ms, 0, "could not find any magic files!");
		return NULL;
	}
	free(mfn);
	return mlist;
}

/*
 * Get weight of this magic entry, for sorting purposes.
 */
static size_t apprentice_r_magic_strength(const struct rz_magic *m) {
#define MULT 10
	size_t val = 2 * MULT; /* baseline strength */

	switch (m->type) {
	case FILE_DEFAULT: /* make sure this sorts last */
		return 0;
	case FILE_BYTE:
		val += 1 * MULT;
		break;
	case FILE_SHORT:
	case FILE_LESHORT:
	case FILE_BESHORT:
		val += 2 * MULT;
		break;
	case FILE_LONG:
	case FILE_LELONG:
	case FILE_BELONG:
	case FILE_MELONG:
		val += 4 * MULT;
		break;
	case FILE_PSTRING:
	case FILE_STRING:
		val += m->vallen * MULT;
		break;
	case FILE_BESTRING16:
	case FILE_LESTRING16:
		val += m->vallen * MULT / 2;
		break;
	case FILE_SEARCH:
	case FILE_REGEX:
		val += m->vallen * RZ_MAX(MULT / m->vallen, 1);
		break;
	case FILE_DATE:
	case FILE_LEDATE:
	case FILE_BEDATE:
	case FILE_MEDATE:
	case FILE_LDATE:
	case FILE_LELDATE:
	case FILE_BELDATE:
	case FILE_MELDATE:
	case FILE_FLOAT:
	case FILE_BEFLOAT:
	case FILE_LEFLOAT:
		val += 4 * MULT;
		break;
	case FILE_QUAD:
	case FILE_BEQUAD:
	case FILE_LEQUAD:
	case FILE_QDATE:
	case FILE_LEQDATE:
	case FILE_BEQDATE:
	case FILE_QLDATE:
	case FILE_LEQLDATE:
	case FILE_BEQLDATE:
	case FILE_DOUBLE:
	case FILE_BEDOUBLE:
	case FILE_LEDOUBLE:
		val += 8 * MULT;
		break;
	default:
		eprintf("Bad type %d\n", m->type);
		abort();
	}

	switch (m->reln) {
	case 'x': /* matches anything penalize */
	case '!': /* matches almost anything penalize */
		val = 0;
		break;
	case '=': /* Exact match, prefer */
		val += MULT;
		break;
	case '>':
	case '<': /* comparison match reduce strength */
		val -= 2 * MULT;
		break;
	case '^':
	case '&': /* masking bits, we could count them too */
		val -= MULT;
		break;
	default:
		eprintf("Bad relation %c\n", m->reln);
		abort();
	}
	return val ? val : 1; /* ensure we only return 0 for FILE_DEFAULT */
}

/*
 * Sort callback for sorting entries by "strength" (basically length)
 */
static int apprentice_sort(const void *a, const void *b) {
	const struct rz_magic_entry *ma = a;
	const struct rz_magic_entry *mb = b;
	size_t sa = apprentice_r_magic_strength(ma->mp);
	size_t sb = apprentice_r_magic_strength(mb->mp);
	if (sa == sb) {
		return 0;
	}
	if (sa > sb) {
		return -1;
	}
	return 1;
}

static void set_test_type(struct rz_magic *mstart, struct rz_magic *m) {
	switch (m->type) {
	case FILE_BYTE:
	case FILE_SHORT:
	case FILE_LONG:
	case FILE_DATE:
	case FILE_BESHORT:
	case FILE_BELONG:
	case FILE_BEDATE:
	case FILE_LESHORT:
	case FILE_LELONG:
	case FILE_LEDATE:
	case FILE_LDATE:
	case FILE_BELDATE:
	case FILE_LELDATE:
	case FILE_MEDATE:
	case FILE_MELDATE:
	case FILE_MELONG:
	case FILE_QUAD:
	case FILE_LEQUAD:
	case FILE_BEQUAD:
	case FILE_QDATE:
	case FILE_LEQDATE:
	case FILE_BEQDATE:
	case FILE_QLDATE:
	case FILE_LEQLDATE:
	case FILE_BEQLDATE:
	case FILE_FLOAT:
	case FILE_BEFLOAT:
	case FILE_LEFLOAT:
	case FILE_DOUBLE:
	case FILE_BEDOUBLE:
	case FILE_LEDOUBLE:
	case FILE_STRING:
	case FILE_PSTRING:
	case FILE_BESTRING16:
	case FILE_LESTRING16:
		/* binary test, set flag */
		mstart->flag |= BINTEST;
		break;
	case FILE_REGEX:
	case FILE_SEARCH:
		/* binary test if pattern is not text */
		if (file_looks_utf8((const ut8 *)m->value.s, m->vallen, NULL, NULL) == 0) {
			mstart->flag |= BINTEST;
		}
		break;
	case FILE_DEFAULT:
		/* can't deduce anything; we shouldn't see this at the
		   top level anyway */
		break;
	case FILE_INVALID:
	default:
		/* invalid search type, but no need to complain here */
		break;
	}
}

/*
 * Load and parse from buffer.
 */
static const char *bgets(char *line, size_t line_sz, const char *data) {
	if (!*data) {
		return NULL;
	}
	const char *nl = strchr(data, '\n');
	const int nlsz = nl
		? nl - data + 1
		: RZ_MIN(line_sz, strlen(data));
	rz_str_ncpy(line, data, nlsz);
	if (!data[nlsz]) {
		return NULL;
	}
	return data + nlsz;
}

static void load_b(RzMagic *ms, int action, const char *data, int *errs, struct rz_magic_entry **marray, ut32 *marraycount) {
	char line[BUFSIZ];
	size_t lineno = 0;
	/* read and parse this file */
	for (ms->line = 1; (data = bgets(line, sizeof(line), data)) != NULL; ms->line++) {
		size_t len = strlen(line);
		if (len == 0) { /* null line, garbage, etc */
			continue;
		}
		if (line[len - 1] == '\n') {
			lineno++;
			line[len - 1] = '\0'; /* delete newline */
		}
		if (line[0] == '\0') { /* empty, do not parse */
			continue;
		}
		if (line[0] == '#') { /* comment, do not parse */
			continue;
		}
		if (len > mime_marker_len && !memcmp(line, mime_marker, mime_marker_len)) {
			/* MIME type */
			if (parse_mime(ms, marray, marraycount,
				    line + mime_marker_len) != 0) {
				(*errs)++;
			}
			continue;
		}
		if (parse(ms, marray, marraycount, line, lineno, action) != 0) {
			(*errs)++;
		}
	}
}

/*
 * Load and parse one file.
 */
static void load_1(RzMagic *ms, int action, const char *file, int *errs, struct rz_magic_entry **marray, ut32 *marraycount) {
	if (*file == '#') {
		load_b(ms, action, file, errs, marray, marraycount);
		return;
	}
	char line[BUFSIZ];
	size_t lineno = 0;
	FILE *f = rz_sys_fopen(ms->file = file, "r");
	if (!f) {
		if (errno != ENOENT) {
			file_error(ms, errno, "cannot read magic file `%s'", file);
		}
		(*errs)++;
		return;
	}
	/* read and parse this file */
	for (ms->line = 1; fgets(line, sizeof(line), f) != NULL; ms->line++) {
		size_t len = strlen(line);
		if (len == 0) { /* null line, garbage, etc */
			continue;
		}
		if (line[len - 1] == '\n') {
			lineno++;
			line[len - 1] = '\0'; /* delete newline */
		}
		if (line[0] == '\0') { /* empty, do not parse */
			continue;
		}
		if (line[0] == '#') { /* comment, do not parse */
			continue;
		}
		if (len > mime_marker_len &&
			memcmp(line, mime_marker, mime_marker_len) == 0) {
			/* MIME type */
			if (parse_mime(ms, marray, marraycount,
				    line + mime_marker_len) != 0) {
				(*errs)++;
			}
			continue;
		}
		if (parse(ms, marray, marraycount, line, lineno, action) != 0) {
			(*errs)++;
		}
	}
	fclose(f);
}

/*
 * parse a file or directory of files
 * const char *fn: name of magic file or directory
 */
static int apprentice_load(RzMagic *ms, struct rz_magic **magicp, ut32 *nmagicp, const char *fn, int action) {
	ut32 marraycount, i, mentrycount = 0, starttest;
	struct rz_magic_entry *marray;
	struct stat st;
	int errs = 0;
#if __WINDOWS__
	HANDLE hdir;
	WIN32_FIND_DATAW entry;
	wchar_t dir[MAX_PATH];
	wchar_t *wcpath;
	char *cfname;
	char subfn[1024];
#else
	DIR *dir;
	struct dirent *d;
	char subfn[MAXPATHLEN];
#endif
	ms->flags |= RZ_MAGIC_CHECK; /* Enable checks for parsed files */

	maxmagic = MAXMAGIS;
	if (!(marray = calloc(maxmagic, sizeof(*marray)))) {
		file_oomem(ms, maxmagic * sizeof(*marray));
		return -1;
	}
	marraycount = 0;

	/* print silly verbose header for USG compat. */
	if (action == FILE_CHECK) {
		eprintf("%s\n", usg_hdr);
	}

	/* load directory or file */
	if (stat(fn, &st) == 0 && S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
#if __WINDOWS__ && !defined(__CYGWIN__)
		if ((wcpath = rz_utf8_to_utf16(fn))) {
			swprintf(dir, _countof(dir), L"%ls\\*.*", wcpath);
			hdir = FindFirstFileW(dir, &entry);
			if (!(hdir == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)) {
				do {
					if (wcsncmp(entry.cFileName, L".", 1) == 0)
						continue;
					if ((cfname = rz_utf16_to_utf8(entry.cFileName))) {
						snprintf(subfn, sizeof(subfn), "%s/%s", fn, cfname);
						if (stat(subfn, &st) == 0 && S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
							load_1(ms, action, subfn, &errs, &marray, &marraycount);
						}
						free(cfname);
					}
				} while (FindNextFileW(hdir, &entry));
				FindClose(hdir);
			}
			free(wcpath);
		} else {
			errs++;
		}
#else
		dir = opendir(fn);
		if (dir) {
			while ((d = readdir(dir))) {
				if (*d->d_name == '.') {
					continue;
				}
				snprintf(subfn, sizeof(subfn), "%s/%s", fn, d->d_name);
				if (stat(subfn, &st) == 0 && S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) {
					load_1(ms, action, subfn, &errs, &marray, &marraycount);
				}
				//else perror (subfn);
			}
			closedir(dir);
		} else {
			errs++;
		}
#endif
	} else {
		load_1(ms, action, fn, &errs, &marray, &marraycount);
	}
	if (errs) {
		goto out;
	}

	/* Set types of tests */
	for (i = 0; i < marraycount;) {
		if (marray[i].mp->cont_level != 0) {
			i++;
			continue;
		}

		starttest = i;
		do {
			set_test_type(marray[starttest].mp, marray[i].mp);
			if (ms->flags & RZ_MAGIC_DEBUG) {
				(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s%s%s: %s\n",
					marray[i].mp->mimetype,
					marray[i].mp->mimetype[0] == '\0' ? "" : "; ",
					marray[i].mp->desc[0] ? marray[i].mp->desc : "(no description)",
					marray[i].mp->flag & BINTEST ? "binary" : "text");
				if (marray[i].mp->flag & BINTEST) {
#define SYMLEN 4 /* strlen("text") */
					char *p = strstr(marray[i].mp->desc, "text");
					if (p && (p == marray[i].mp->desc || isspace((unsigned char)p[-1])) &&
						(p + SYMLEN - marray[i].mp->desc == MAXstring ||
							(p[SYMLEN] == '\0' || isspace((unsigned char)p[SYMLEN])))) {
						(void)fprintf(stderr,
							"*** Possible binary test for text type\n");
					}
				}
			}
		} while (++i < marraycount && marray[i].mp->cont_level != 0);
	}

	qsort(marray, marraycount, sizeof(*marray), apprentice_sort);

	/*
	 * Make sure that any level 0 "default" line is last (if one exists).
	 */
	for (i = 0; i < marraycount; i++) {
		if (marray[i].mp->cont_level == 0 &&
			marray[i].mp->type == FILE_DEFAULT) {
			while (++i < marraycount) {
				if (marray[i].mp->cont_level == 0) {
					break;
				}
			}
			if (i != marraycount) {
				ms->line = marray[i].mp->lineno; /* XXX - Ugh! */
				file_magwarn(ms, "level 0 \"default\" did not sort last");
			}
			break;
		}
	}

	for (i = 0; i < marraycount; i++) {
		mentrycount += marray[i].cont_count;
	}

	if (!(*magicp = malloc(1 + (sizeof(**magicp) * mentrycount)))) {
		file_oomem(ms, sizeof(**magicp) * mentrycount);
		errs++;
		goto out;
	}

	mentrycount = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < marraycount; i++) {
		(void)memcpy(*magicp + mentrycount, marray[i].mp,
			marray[i].cont_count * sizeof(**magicp));
		mentrycount += marray[i].cont_count;
	}
out:
	for (i = 0; i < marraycount; i++) {
		free(marray[i].mp);
	}
	free(marray);
	if (errs) {
		*magicp = NULL;
		*nmagicp = 0;
		return errs;
	}
	*nmagicp = mentrycount;
	return 0;
}

/*
 * extend the sign bit if the comparison is to be signed
 */
ut64 file_signextend(RzMagic *ms, struct rz_magic *m, ut64 v) {
	if (!(m->flag & UNSIGNED)) {
		switch (m->type) {
		/*
		 * Do not remove the casts below.  They are
		 * vital.  When later compared with the data,
		 * the sign extension must have happened.
		 */
		case FILE_BYTE:
			v = (char)v;
			break;
		case FILE_SHORT:
		case FILE_BESHORT:
		case FILE_LESHORT:
			v = (short)v;
			break;
		case FILE_DATE:
		case FILE_BEDATE:
		case FILE_LEDATE:
		case FILE_MEDATE:
		case FILE_LDATE:
		case FILE_BELDATE:
		case FILE_LELDATE:
		case FILE_MELDATE:
		case FILE_LONG:
		case FILE_BELONG:
		case FILE_LELONG:
		case FILE_MELONG:
		case FILE_FLOAT:
		case FILE_BEFLOAT:
		case FILE_LEFLOAT:
			v = (int32_t)v;
			break;
		case FILE_QUAD:
		case FILE_BEQUAD:
		case FILE_LEQUAD:
		case FILE_QDATE:
		case FILE_QLDATE:
		case FILE_BEQDATE:
		case FILE_BEQLDATE:
		case FILE_LEQDATE:
		case FILE_LEQLDATE:
		case FILE_DOUBLE:
		case FILE_BEDOUBLE:
		case FILE_LEDOUBLE:
			v = (int64_t)v;
			break;
		case FILE_STRING:
		case FILE_PSTRING:
		case FILE_BESTRING16:
		case FILE_LESTRING16:
		case FILE_REGEX:
		case FILE_SEARCH:
		case FILE_DEFAULT:
			break;
		default:
			if (ms->flags & RZ_MAGIC_CHECK) {
				file_magwarn(ms, "cannot happen: m->type=%d\n",
					m->type);
			}
			return ~0U;
		}
	}
	return v;
}

static int string_modifier_check(RzMagic *ms, struct rz_magic *m) {
	if ((ms->flags & RZ_MAGIC_CHECK) == 0) {
		return 0;
	}

	switch (m->type) {
	case FILE_BESTRING16:
	case FILE_LESTRING16:
		if (m->str_flags != 0) {
			file_magwarn(ms,
				"no modifiers allowed for 16-bit strings\n");
			return -1;
		}
		break;
	case FILE_STRING:
	case FILE_PSTRING:
		if ((m->str_flags & REGEX_OFFSET_START) != 0) {
			file_magwarn(ms,
				"'/%c' only allowed on regex and search\n",
				CHAR_REGEX_OFFSET_START);
			return -1;
		}
		break;
	case FILE_SEARCH:
		if (m->str_range == 0) {
			file_magwarn(ms,
				"missing range; defaulting to %d\n",
				STRING_DEFAULT_RANGE);
			m->str_range = STRING_DEFAULT_RANGE;
			return -1;
		}
		break;
	case FILE_REGEX:
		if ((m->str_flags & STRING_COMPACT_BLANK) != 0) {
			file_magwarn(ms, "'/%c' not allowed on regex\n",
				CHAR_COMPACT_BLANK);
			return -1;
		}
		if ((m->str_flags & STRING_COMPACT_OPTIONAL_BLANK) != 0) {
			file_magwarn(ms, "'/%c' not allowed on regex\n",
				CHAR_COMPACT_OPTIONAL_BLANK);
			return -1;
		}
		break;
	default:
		file_magwarn(ms, "coding error: m->type=%d\n",
			m->type);
		return -1;
	}
	return 0;
}

static int get_op(char c) {
	switch (c) {
	case '&': return FILE_OPAND;
	case '|': return FILE_OPOR;
	case '^': return FILE_OPXOR;
	case '+': return FILE_OPADD;
	case '-': return FILE_OPMINUS;
	case '*': return FILE_OPMULTIPLY;
	case '/': return FILE_OPDIVIDE;
	case '%': return FILE_OPMODULO;
	default: return -1;
	}
}

static int get_cond(const char *l, const char **t) {
	const struct cond_tbl_s *p;
	static const struct cond_tbl_s {
		char name[8];
		size_t len;
		int cond;
	} cond_tbl[] = {
		{ "if", 2, COND_IF },
		{ "elif", 4, COND_ELIF },
		{ "else", 4, COND_ELSE },
		{ "", 0, COND_NONE },
	};

	for (p = cond_tbl; p->len; p++) {
		if (strncmp(l, p->name, p->len) == 0 &&
			isspace((ut8)l[p->len])) {
			if (t) {
				*t = l + p->len;
			}
			break;
		}
	}
	return p->cond;
}

static int check_cond(RzMagic *ms, int cond, ut32 cont_level) {
	int last_cond;
	last_cond = ms->c.li[cont_level].last_cond;

	switch (cond) {
	case COND_IF:
		if (last_cond != COND_NONE && last_cond != COND_ELIF) {
			if (ms->flags & RZ_MAGIC_CHECK) {
				file_magwarn(ms, "syntax error: `if'");
			}
			return -1;
		}
		last_cond = COND_IF;
		break;
	case COND_ELIF:
		if (last_cond != COND_IF && last_cond != COND_ELIF) {
			if (ms->flags & RZ_MAGIC_CHECK) {
				file_magwarn(ms, "syntax error: `elif'");
			}
			return -1;
		}
		last_cond = COND_ELIF;
		break;
	case COND_ELSE:
		if (last_cond != COND_IF && last_cond != COND_ELIF) {
			if (ms->flags & RZ_MAGIC_CHECK) {
				file_magwarn(ms, "syntax error: `else'");
			}
			return -1;
		}
		last_cond = COND_NONE;
		break;
	case COND_NONE:
		last_cond = COND_NONE;
		break;
	}

	ms->c.li[cont_level].last_cond = last_cond;
	return 0;
}

/*
 * parse one line from magic file, put into magic[index++] if valid
 */
static int parse(RzMagic *ms, struct rz_magic_entry **mentryp, ut32 *nmentryp, const char *line, size_t lineno, int action) {
	static ut32 last_cont_level = 0;
	size_t i;
	struct rz_magic_entry *me;
	struct rz_magic *m;
	const char *l = line;
	char *t;
	int op;
	ut32 cont_level = 0;

	for (; *l == '>'; l++, cont_level++) {
		;
	}
	if (cont_level == 0 || cont_level > last_cont_level) {
		if (file_check_mem(ms, cont_level) == -1) {
			return -1;
		}
	}
	last_cont_level = cont_level;
#define ALLOC_CHUNK (size_t)10
#define ALLOC_INCR  (size_t)200
	if (cont_level != 0) {
		if (*nmentryp == 0) {
			file_error(ms, 0, "No current entry for continuation");
			return -1;
		}
		me = &(*mentryp)[*nmentryp - 1];
		if (me->cont_count == me->max_count) {
			struct rz_magic *nm;
			size_t cnt = me->max_count + ALLOC_CHUNK;
			if (!(nm = realloc(me->mp, sizeof(*nm) * cnt))) {
				file_oomem(ms, sizeof(*nm) * cnt);
				return -1;
			}
			me->mp = nm;
			me->max_count = cnt;
		}
		m = &me->mp[me->cont_count++];
		(void)memset(m, 0, sizeof(*m));
		m->cont_level = cont_level;
	} else {
		if (*nmentryp == maxmagic) {
			struct rz_magic_entry *mp;

			maxmagic += ALLOC_INCR;
			if (!(mp = realloc(*mentryp, sizeof(*mp) * maxmagic))) {
				file_oomem(ms, sizeof(*mp) * maxmagic);
				return -1;
			}
			(void)memset(&mp[*nmentryp], 0, sizeof(*mp) * ALLOC_INCR);
			*mentryp = mp;
		}
		me = &(*mentryp)[*nmentryp];
		if (!me->mp) {
			if (!(m = malloc(sizeof(*m) * ALLOC_CHUNK))) {
				file_oomem(ms, sizeof(*m) * ALLOC_CHUNK);
				return -1;
			}
			me->mp = m;
			me->max_count = ALLOC_CHUNK;
		} else {
			m = me->mp;
		}
		(void)memset(m, 0, sizeof(*m));
		m->cont_level = 0;
		me->cont_count = 1;
	}
	m->lineno = lineno;

	if (*l == '&') { /* m->cont_level == 0 checked below. */
		++l; /* step over */
		m->flag |= OFFADD;
	}
	if (*l == '(') {
		++l; /* step over */
		m->flag |= INDIR;
		if (m->flag & OFFADD) {
			m->flag = (m->flag & ~OFFADD) | INDIROFFADD;
		}

		if (*l == '&') { /* m->cont_level == 0 checked below */
			++l; /* step over */
			m->flag |= OFFADD;
		}
	}
	/* Indirect offsets are not valid at level 0. */
	if (m->cont_level == 0 && (m->flag & (OFFADD | INDIROFFADD))) {
		if (ms->flags & RZ_MAGIC_CHECK) {
			file_magwarn(ms, "relative offset at level 0");
		}
	}

	/* get offset, then skip over it */
	m->offset = (ut32)strtoul(l, &t, 0);
	if ((l == t) && (ms->flags & RZ_MAGIC_CHECK)) {
		file_magwarn(ms, "offset `%s' invalid", l);
	}
	l = t;

	if (m->flag & INDIR) {
		m->in_type = FILE_LONG;
		m->in_offset = 0;
		/*
		 * read [.lbs][+-]nnnnn)
		 */
		if (*l == '.') {
			l++;
			switch (*l) {
			case 'l':
				m->in_type = FILE_LELONG;
				break;
			case 'L':
				m->in_type = FILE_BELONG;
				break;
			case 'm':
				m->in_type = FILE_MELONG;
				break;
			case 'h':
			case 's':
				m->in_type = FILE_LESHORT;
				break;
			case 'H':
			case 'S':
				m->in_type = FILE_BESHORT;
				break;
			case 'c':
			case 'b':
			case 'C':
			case 'B':
				m->in_type = FILE_BYTE;
				break;
			case 'e':
			case 'f':
			case 'g':
				m->in_type = FILE_LEDOUBLE;
				break;
			case 'E':
			case 'F':
			case 'G':
				m->in_type = FILE_BEDOUBLE;
				break;
			default:
				if (ms->flags & RZ_MAGIC_CHECK) {
					file_magwarn(ms,
						"indirect offset type `%c' invalid",
						*l);
				}
				break;
			}
			l++;
		}

		m->in_op = 0;
		if (*l == '~') {
			m->in_op |= FILE_OPINVERSE;
			l++;
		}
		if ((op = get_op(*l)) != -1) {
			m->in_op |= op;
			l++;
		}
		if (*l == '(') {
			m->in_op |= FILE_OPINDIRECT;
			l++;
		}
		if (isdigit((ut8)*l) || *l == '-') {
			m->in_offset = (int32_t)strtol(l, &t, 0);
			if (l == t) {
				if (ms->flags & RZ_MAGIC_CHECK) {
					file_magwarn(ms,
						"in_offset `%s' invalid", l);
				}
			}
			l = t;
		}
		if (*l++ != ')' ||
			((m->in_op & FILE_OPINDIRECT) && *l++ != ')')) {
			if (ms->flags & RZ_MAGIC_CHECK) {
				file_magwarn(ms,
					"missing ')' in indirect offset");
			}
		}
	}
	EATAB;

	m->cond = get_cond(l, &l);
	if (check_cond(ms, m->cond, cont_level) == -1) {
		return -1;
	}
	EATAB;

	if (*l == 'u') {
		++l;
		m->flag |= UNSIGNED;
	}

	m->type = get_type(l, &l);
	if (m->type == FILE_INVALID) {
		if (ms->flags & RZ_MAGIC_CHECK) {
			file_magwarn(ms, "type `%s' invalid", l);
		}
		return -1;
	}

	/* New-style anding: "0 byte&0x80 =0x80 dynamically linked" */
	/* New and improved: ~ & | ^ + - * / % -- exciting, isn't it? */

	m->mask_op = 0;
	if (*l == '~') {
		if (!MAGIC_IS_STRING(m->type)) {
			m->mask_op |= FILE_OPINVERSE;
		} else if (ms->flags & RZ_MAGIC_CHECK) {
			file_magwarn(ms, "'~' invalid for string types");
		}
		++l;
	}
	m->str_range = 0;
	m->str_flags = 0;
	m->num_mask = 0;
	if ((op = get_op(*l)) != -1) {
		if (!MAGIC_IS_STRING(m->type)) {
			ut64 val;
			++l;
			m->mask_op |= op;
			val = (ut64)strtoull(l, &t, 0);
			l = t;
			m->num_mask = file_signextend(ms, m, val);
			eatsize(&l);
		} else if (op == FILE_OPDIVIDE) {
			int have_range = 0;
			while (!isspace((ut8) * ++l)) {
				switch (*l) {
				case '0':
				case '1':
				case '2':
				case '3':
				case '4':
				case '5':
				case '6':
				case '7':
				case '8':
				case '9':
					if (have_range &&
						(ms->flags & RZ_MAGIC_CHECK)) {
						file_magwarn(ms,
							"multiple ranges");
					}
					have_range = 1;
					m->str_range = strtoul(l, &t, 0);
					if (m->str_range == 0) {
						file_magwarn(ms,
							"zero range");
					}
					l = t - 1;
					break;
				case CHAR_COMPACT_BLANK:
					m->str_flags |= STRING_COMPACT_BLANK;
					break;
				case CHAR_COMPACT_OPTIONAL_BLANK:
					m->str_flags |=
						STRING_COMPACT_OPTIONAL_BLANK;
					break;
				case CHAR_IGNORE_LOWERCASE:
					m->str_flags |= STRING_IGNORE_LOWERCASE;
					break;
				case CHAR_IGNORE_UPPERCASE:
					m->str_flags |= STRING_IGNORE_UPPERCASE;
					break;
				case CHAR_REGEX_OFFSET_START:
					m->str_flags |= REGEX_OFFSET_START;
					break;
				default:
					if (ms->flags & RZ_MAGIC_CHECK) {
						file_magwarn(ms,
							"string extension `%c' invalid",
							*l);
					}
					return -1;
				}
				/* allow multiple '/' for readability */
				if (l[1] == '/' && !isspace((ut8)l[2])) {
					l++;
				}
			}
			if (string_modifier_check(ms, m) == -1) {
				return -1;
			}
		} else {
			if (ms->flags & RZ_MAGIC_CHECK) {
				file_magwarn(ms, "invalid string op: %c", *t);
			}
			return -1;
		}
	}
	/*
	 * We used to set mask to all 1's here, instead let's just not do
	 * anything if mask = 0 (unless you have a better idea)
	 */
	EATAB;

	switch (*l) {
	case '>':
	case '<':
	/* Old-style anding: "0 byte &0x80 dynamically linked" */
	case '&':
	case '^':
	case '=':
		m->reln = *l;
		++l;
		if (*l == '=') {
			/* HP compat: ignore &= etc. */
			++l;
		}
		break;
	case '!':
		m->reln = *l;
		++l;
		break;
	default:
		m->reln = '='; /* the default relation */
		if (*l == 'x' && ((isascii((ut8)l[1]) && isspace((ut8)l[1])) || !l[1])) {
			m->reln = *l;
			++l;
		}
		break;
	}
	/*
	 * Grab the value part, except for an 'x' reln.
	 */
	if (m->reln != 'x' && getvalue(ms, m, &l, action)) {
		return -1;
	}

	/*
	 * TODO finish this macro and start using it!
	 * #define offsetcheck {if (offset > HOWMANY-1)
	 *	magwarn("offset too big"); }
	 */

	/*
	 * Now get last part - the description
	 */
	EATAB;
	if (l[0] == '\b') {
		++l;
		m->flag |= NOSPACE;
	} else if ((l[0] == '\\') && (l[1] == 'b')) {
		++l;
		++l;
		m->flag |= NOSPACE;
	}
	for (i = 0; (m->desc[i++] = *l++) != '\0' && i < sizeof(m->desc);) {
	}
	if (i == sizeof(m->desc)) {
		m->desc[sizeof(m->desc) - 1] = '\0';
		if (ms->flags & RZ_MAGIC_CHECK) {
			file_magwarn(ms, "description `%s' truncated", m->desc);
		}
	}

	/*
	 * We only do this check while compiling, or if any of the magic
	 * files were not compiled.
         */
	if (ms->flags & RZ_MAGIC_CHECK) {
		if (check_format(ms, m) == -1) {
			return -1;
		}
	}
	if (action == FILE_CHECK) {
		file_mdump(m);
	}
	m->mimetype[0] = '\0'; /* initialise MIME type to none */
	if (m->cont_level == 0) {
		++(*nmentryp); /* make room for next */
	}
	return 0;
}

/*
 * parse a MIME annotation line from magic file, put into magic[index - 1]
 * if valid
 */
static int parse_mime(RzMagic *ms, struct rz_magic_entry **mentryp, ut32 *nmentryp, const char *line) {
	size_t i;
	const char *l = line;
	struct rz_magic *m;
	struct rz_magic_entry *me;

	if (*nmentryp == 0) {
		file_error(ms, 0, "No current entry for MIME type");
		return -1;
	}

	me = &(*mentryp)[*nmentryp - 1];
	m = &me->mp[me->cont_count == 0 ? 0 : me->cont_count - 1];

	if (m->mimetype[0] != '\0') {
		file_error(ms, 0, "Current entry already has a MIME type: %s\n"
				  "Description: %s\nNew type: %s",
			m->mimetype, m->desc, l);
		return -1;
	}

	EATAB;
	for (i = 0;
		*l && ((isascii((ut8)*l) && isalnum((ut8)*l)) || strchr("-+/.", *l)) && i < sizeof(m->mimetype);
		m->mimetype[i++] = *l++) {
	}
	if (i == sizeof(m->mimetype)) {
		m->desc[sizeof(m->mimetype) - 1] = '\0';
		if (ms->flags & RZ_MAGIC_CHECK) {
			file_magwarn(ms, "MIME type `%s' truncated %zu",
				m->mimetype, i);
		}
	} else {
		m->mimetype[i] = '\0';
	}

	return (i > 0) ? 0 : -1;
}

static int check_format_type(const char *ptr, int type) {
	int quad = 0;
	if (*ptr == '\0') {
		/* Missing format string; bad */
		return -1;
	}

	switch (type) {
	case FILE_FMT_QUAD:
		quad = 1;
		/*FALLTHROUGH*/
	case FILE_FMT_NUM:
		if (*ptr == '-') {
			ptr++;
		}
		if (*ptr == '.') {
			ptr++;
		}
		while (isdigit((ut8)*ptr)) {
			ptr++;
		}
		if (*ptr == '.') {
			ptr++;
		}
		while (isdigit((ut8)*ptr)) {
			ptr++;
		}
		if (quad) {
			if (*ptr++ != 'l') {
				return -1;
			}
			if (*ptr++ != 'l') {
				return -1;
			}
		}
		switch (*ptr++) {
		case 'l':
			switch (*ptr++) {
			case 'i':
			case 'd':
			case 'u':
			case 'x':
			case 'X':
				return 0;
			default:
				return -1;
			}
		case 'h':
			switch (*ptr++) {
			case 'h':
				switch (*ptr++) {
				case 'i':
				case 'd':
				case 'u':
				case 'x':
				case 'X':
					return 0;
				default:
					return -1;
				}
			case 'd':
				return 0;
			default:
				return -1;
			}
		case 'i':
		case 'c':
		case 'd':
		case 'u':
		case 'x':
		case 'X':
			return 0;
		default:
			return -1;
		}
	case FILE_FMT_FLOAT:
	case FILE_FMT_DOUBLE:
		if (*ptr == '-') {
			ptr++;
		}
		if (*ptr == '.') {
			ptr++;
		}
		while (isdigit((ut8)*ptr)) {
			ptr++;
		}
		if (*ptr == '.') {
			ptr++;
		}
		while (isdigit((ut8)*ptr)) {
			ptr++;
		}

		switch (*ptr++) {
		case 'e':
		case 'E':
		case 'f':
		case 'F':
		case 'g':
		case 'G':
			return 0;

		default:
			return -1;
		}
	case FILE_FMT_STR:
		if (*ptr == '-') {
			ptr++;
		}
		while (isdigit((ut8)*ptr)) {
			ptr++;
		}
		if (*ptr == '.') {
			ptr++;
			while (isdigit((ut8)*ptr)) {
				ptr++;
			}
		}

		if (*ptr++ == 's') {
			return 0;
		}
		return -1;
	default:
		/* internal error */
		abort();
	}
	/*NOTREACHED*/
	return -1;
}

/*
 * Check that the optional printf format in description matches
 * the type of the magic.
 */
static int check_format(RzMagic *ms, struct rz_magic *m) {
	char *ptr;

	for (ptr = m->desc; *ptr; ptr++) {
		if (*ptr == '%') {
			break;
		}
	}
	if (*ptr == '\0') {
		/* No format string; ok */
		return 1;
	}

	if (file_nformats != file_nnames) {
		return -1;
	}

	if (m->type >= file_nformats) {
		file_magwarn(ms, "Internal error inconsistency between "
				 "m->type and format strings");
		return -1;
	}
	if (magic_file_formats[m->type] == FILE_FMT_NONE) {
		file_magwarn(ms, "No format string for `%s' with description "
				 "`%s'",
			m->desc, magic_file_names[m->type]);
		return -1;
	}

	ptr++;
	if (ptr && check_format_type(ptr, magic_file_formats[m->type]) == -1) {
		/*
		 * TODO: this error message is unhelpful if the format
		 * string is not one character long
		 */
		file_magwarn(ms, "Printf format `%c' is not valid for type "
				 "`%s' in description `%s'",
			ptr && *ptr ? *ptr : '?',
			magic_file_names[m->type], m->desc);
		return -1;
	}

	for (; *ptr; ptr++) {
		if (*ptr == '%') {
			file_magwarn(ms,
				"Too many format strings (should have at most one) "
				"for `%s' with description `%s'",
				magic_file_names[m->type], m->desc);
			return -1;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

/*
 * Read a numeric value from a pointer, into the value union of a magic
 * pointer, according to the magic type.  Update the string pointer to point
 * just after the number read.  Return 0 for success, non-zero for failure.
 */
static int getvalue(RzMagic *ms, struct rz_magic *m, const char **p, int action) {
	int slen;

	switch (m->type) {
	case FILE_BESTRING16:
	case FILE_LESTRING16:
	case FILE_STRING:
	case FILE_PSTRING:
	case FILE_REGEX:
	case FILE_SEARCH:
		*p = getstr(ms, *p, m->value.s, sizeof(m->value.s), &slen, action);
		if (!*p) {
			if (ms->flags & RZ_MAGIC_CHECK) {
				file_magwarn(ms, "cannot get string from `%s'",
					m->value.s);
			}
			return -1;
		}
		m->vallen = slen;
		if (m->type == FILE_PSTRING) {
			m->vallen++;
		}
		return 0;
	case FILE_FLOAT:
	case FILE_BEFLOAT:
	case FILE_LEFLOAT:
		if (m->reln != 'x') {
			char *ep;
#ifdef HAVE_STRTOF
			m->value.f = strtof(*p, &ep);
#else
			m->value.f = (float)strtod(*p, &ep);
#endif
			*p = ep;
		}
		return 0;
	case FILE_DOUBLE:
	case FILE_BEDOUBLE:
	case FILE_LEDOUBLE:
		if (m->reln != 'x') {
			char *ep;
			m->value.d = strtod(*p, &ep);
			*p = ep;
		}
		return 0;
	default:
		if (m->reln != 'x') {
			char *ep;
			m->value.q = file_signextend(ms, m,
				(ut64)strtoull(*p, &ep, 0));
			*p = ep;
			eatsize(p);
		}
		return 0;
	}
}

/*
 * Convert a string containing C character escapes.  Stop at an unescaped
 * space or tab.
 * Copy the converted version to "p", returning its length in *slen.
 * Return updated scan pointer as function result.
 */
static const char *getstr(RzMagic *ms, const char *s, char *p, int plen, int *slen, int action) {
	const char *origs = s;
	char *origp = p;
	char *pmax = p + plen - 1;
	int c, val;

	while ((c = *s++) != '\0') {
		if (isspace((ut8)c)) {
			break;
		}
		if (p >= pmax) {
			file_error(ms, 0, "string too long: `%s'", origs);
			return NULL;
		}
		if (c == '\\') {
			switch ((c = *s++)) {
			case '\0':
				if (action == FILE_COMPILE) {
					file_magwarn(ms, "incomplete escape");
				}
				goto out;
			case '\t':
				if (action == FILE_COMPILE) {
					file_magwarn(ms,
						"escaped tab found, use \\t instead");
					action++;
				}
				/*FALLTHROUGH*/
			default:
				if (action == FILE_COMPILE) {
					if (isprint((ut8)c)) {
						file_magwarn(ms,
							"no need to escape `%c'", c);
					} else {
						file_magwarn(ms,
							"unknown escape sequence: \\%03o", c);
					}
				}
				/*FALLTHROUGH*/
			/* space, perhaps force people to use \040? */
			case ' ':
#if 0
			/*
			 * Other things people escape, but shouldn't need to,
			 * so we disallow them
			 */
			case '\'':
			case '"':
			case '?':
#endif
			/* Relations */
			case '>':
			case '<':
			case '&':
			case '^':
			case '=':
			case '!':
			/* and baskslash itself */
			case '\\':
				*p++ = (char)c;
				break;
			case 'a': *p++ = '\a'; break;
			case 'b': *p++ = '\b'; break;
			case 'f': *p++ = '\f'; break;
			case 'n': *p++ = '\n'; break;
			case 'r': *p++ = '\r'; break;
			case 't': *p++ = '\t'; break;
			case 'v': *p++ = '\v'; break;
			/* \ and up to 3 octal digits */
			case '0':
			case '1':
			case '2':
			case '3':
			case '4':
			case '5':
			case '6':
			case '7':
				val = c - '0';
				c = *s++; /* try for 2 */
				if (c >= '0' && c <= '7') {
					val = (val << 3) | (c - '0');
					c = *s++; /* try for 3 */
					if (c >= '0' && c <= '7') {
						val = (val << 3) | (c - '0');
					} else {
						--s;
					}
				} else {
					--s;
				}
				*p++ = (char)val;
				break;

			/* \x and up to 2 hex digits */
			case 'x':
				val = 'x'; /* Default if no digits */
				c = hextoint(*s++); /* Get next char */
				if (c >= 0) {
					val = c;
					c = hextoint(*s++);
					if (c >= 0) {
						val = (val << 4) + c;
					} else {
						--s;
					}
				} else {
					--s;
				}
				*p++ = (char)val;
				break;
			}
		} else {
			*p++ = (char)c;
		}
	}
out:
	*p = '\0';
	*slen = p - origp;
	return s;
}

/* Single hex char to int; -1 if not a hex char. */
static int hextoint(int c) {
	if (!isascii((ut8)c)) {
		return -1;
	}
	if (isdigit((ut8)c)) {
		return c - '0';
	}
	if ((c >= 'a') && (c <= 'f')) {
		return c + 10 - 'a';
	}
	if ((c >= 'A') && (c <= 'F')) {
		return c + 10 - 'A';
	}
	return -1;
}

/*
 * Print a string containing C character escapes.
 */
void file_showstr(FILE *fp, const char *s, size_t len) {
	for (;;) {
		char c = *s++;
		if (len == ~0U) {
			if (c == '\0') {
				break;
			}
		} else {
			if (len-- == 0) {
				break;
			}
		}
		if (c >= 040 && c <= 0176) { /* TODO isprint && !iscntrl */
			fputc(c, fp);
		} else {
			fputc('\\', fp);
			switch (c) {
			case '\a': fputc('a', fp); break;
			case '\b': fputc('b', fp); break;
			case '\f': fputc('f', fp); break;
			case '\n': fputc('n', fp); break;
			case '\r': fputc('r', fp); break;
			case '\t': fputc('t', fp); break;
			case '\v': fputc('v', fp); break;
			default: fprintf(fp, "%.3o", c & 0377); break;
			}
		}
	}
}

/*
 * eatsize(): Eat the size spec from a number [eg. 10UL]
 */
static void eatsize(const char **p) {
	const char *l = *p;

	if (LOWCASE(*l) == 'u') {
		l++;
	}

	switch (LOWCASE(*l)) {
	case 'l': /* long */
	case 's': /* short */
	case 'h': /* short */
	case 'b': /* char/byte */
	case 'c': /* char/byte */
		l++;
		/*FALLTHROUGH*/
	default:
		break;
	}

	*p = l;
}

/*
 * handle a compiled file.
 */
static int apprentice_map(RzMagic *ms, struct rz_magic **magicp, ut32 *nmagicp, const char *fn) {
	int fd;
	struct stat st;
	ut32 *ptr;
	ut32 version;
	int needsbyteswap;
	char *dbname = NULL;
	void *mm = NULL;

	dbname = mkdbname(fn, 0);
	if (!dbname) {
		goto error2;
	}

	if ((fd = rz_sys_open(dbname, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY, 0)) == -1) {
		goto error2;
	}

	if (fstat(fd, &st) == -1) {
		file_error(ms, errno, "cannot stat `%s'", dbname);
		goto error1;
	}
	if (st.st_size < 8) {
		file_error(ms, 0, "file `%s' is too small", dbname);
		goto error1;
	}

#if QUICK
	if ((mm = mmap(0, (size_t)st.st_size, PROT_READ, //OPENBSDBUG  |PROT_WRITE,
		     MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_FILE, fd, (off_t)0)) == MAP_FAILED) {
		file_error(ms, errno, "cannot map `%s'", dbname);
		goto error1;
	}
#define RET 2
#else
	if (!(mm = malloc((size_t)st.st_size))) {
		file_oomem(ms, (size_t)st.st_size);
		goto error1;
	}
	if (read(fd, mm, (size_t)st.st_size) != (size_t)st.st_size) {
		file_badread(ms);
		goto error1;
	}
#define RET 1
#endif
	*magicp = mm;
	(void)close(fd);
	fd = -1;
	ptr = (ut32 *)(void *)*magicp;

	if (*ptr != MAGICNO) {
		if (swap4(*ptr) != MAGICNO) {
			//OPENBSDBUG file_error(ms, 0, "bad magic in `%s'");
			file_error(ms, 0, "bad magic in `%s'", dbname);
			goto error1;
		}
		needsbyteswap = 1;
	} else {
		needsbyteswap = 0;
	}

	version = needsbyteswap ? swap4(ptr[1]) : ptr[1];
	if (version != VERSIONNO) {
		file_error(ms, 0, "File %d.%d supports only %d version magic "
				  "files. `%s' is version %d",
			FILE_VERSION_MAJOR, patchlevel,
			VERSIONNO, dbname, version);
		goto error1;
	}
	*nmagicp = (ut32)(st.st_size / sizeof(struct rz_magic));
	if (*nmagicp > 0) {
		(*nmagicp)--;
	}
	(*magicp)++;
	if (needsbyteswap) {
		byteswap(*magicp, *nmagicp);
	}
	free(dbname);
	return RET;

error1:
	if (fd != -1) {
		(void)close(fd);
	}
	if (mm) {
#if QUICK
		(void)munmap((void *)mm, (size_t)st.st_size);
#else
		free(mm);
#endif
	} else {
		*magicp = NULL;
		*nmagicp = 0;
	}
error2:
	free(dbname);
	return -1;
}

static const ut32 ar[] = {
	MAGICNO, VERSIONNO
};

/*
 * handle an mmaped file.
 */
static int apprentice_compile(RzMagic *ms, struct rz_magic **magicp, ut32 *nmagicp, const char *fn) {
	int fd;
	char *dbname;
	int rv = -1;

	dbname = mkdbname(fn, 1);

	if (!dbname) {
		goto out;
	}

	if ((fd = rz_sys_open(dbname, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_BINARY, 0644)) == -1) {
		file_error(ms, errno, "cannot open `%s'", dbname);
		goto out;
	}

	if (write(fd, ar, sizeof(ar)) != (int)sizeof(ar)) {
		file_error(ms, errno, "error writing `%s'", dbname);
		goto beach;
	}

	if (lseek(fd, (off_t)sizeof(struct rz_magic), SEEK_SET) != sizeof(struct rz_magic)) {
		file_error(ms, errno, "error seeking `%s'", dbname);
		goto beach;
	}

	if (write(fd, *magicp, (sizeof(struct rz_magic) * *nmagicp)) != (int)(sizeof(struct rz_magic) * *nmagicp)) {
		file_error(ms, errno, "error writing `%s'", dbname);
		goto beach;
	}

	rv = 0;
beach:
	(void)close(fd);
out:
	free(dbname);
	return rv;
}

static const char ext[] = ".mgc";
/*
 * make a dbname
 */
static char *mkdbname(const char *fn, int strip) {
	char *buf = NULL;
	int fnlen, extlen;
	if (strip) {
		const char *p;
		if ((p = strrchr(fn, '/')) != NULL) {
			fn = ++p;
		}
	}
	fnlen = strlen(fn);
	extlen = strlen(ext);
	if (fnlen + extlen + 1 > MAXPATHLEN) {
		return NULL;
	}
	buf = malloc(fnlen + extlen + 1);
	if (buf) {
		memcpy(buf, fn, fnlen);
		memcpy(buf + fnlen, ext, extlen);
		buf[fnlen + extlen] = 0;
	}
	return buf;
}

/*
 * Byteswap an mmap'ed file if needed
 */
static void byteswap(struct rz_magic *magic, ut32 nmagic) {
	ut32 i;
	for (i = 0; i < nmagic; i++) {
		bs1(&magic[i]);
	}
}

/*
 * swap a short
 */
static ut16 swap2(ut16 sv) {
	ut16 rv;
	ut8 *s = (ut8 *)(void *)&sv;
	ut8 *d = (ut8 *)(void *)&rv;
	d[0] = s[1];
	d[1] = s[0];
	return rv;
}

/*
 * swap an int
 */
static ut32 swap4(ut32 sv) {
	ut32 rv;
	ut8 *s = (ut8 *)(void *)&sv;
	ut8 *d = (ut8 *)(void *)&rv;
	d[0] = s[3];
	d[1] = s[2];
	d[2] = s[1];
	d[3] = s[0];
	return rv;
}

/*
 * swap a quad
 */
static ut64 swap8(ut64 sv) {
	ut64 rv;
	ut8 *s = (ut8 *)(void *)&sv;
	ut8 *d = (ut8 *)(void *)&rv;
#if 0
	d[0] = s[3];
	d[1] = s[2];
	d[2] = s[1];
	d[3] = s[0];
	d[4] = s[7];
	d[5] = s[6];
	d[6] = s[5];
	d[7] = s[4];
#else
	d[0] = s[7];
	d[1] = s[6];
	d[2] = s[5];
	d[3] = s[4];
	d[4] = s[3];
	d[5] = s[2];
	d[6] = s[1];
	d[7] = s[0];
#endif
	return rv;
}

/*
 * byteswap a single magic entry
 */
static void bs1(struct rz_magic *m) {
	m->cont_level = swap2(m->cont_level);
	m->offset = swap4((ut32)m->offset);
	m->in_offset = swap4((ut32)m->in_offset);
	m->lineno = swap4((ut32)m->lineno);
	if (MAGIC_IS_STRING(m->type)) {
		m->str_range = swap4(m->str_range);
		m->str_flags = swap4(m->str_flags);
	} else {
		m->value.q = swap8(m->value.q);
		m->num_mask = swap8(m->num_mask);
	}
}
#endif

#include "mdump.c"
